Beans are nutritional second in importance in Tanzania after maize. Beans can be eaten being
Immature / kicks (green / French beans) and fresh or dry after ripening.
Beans are an important source of protein for humans and helps the soil in the manufacture of nitrogen
from the air through the roots of beans which assisted with rhizobium / ryzobium bacteria
soil. Nitrogen is essential for the growth and production of maize.
For many years the beans have been in cultivation for home use but the situation is changing because
soybean market has grown, its price increases and increased demand for beans. This has led to increased production and trade of soybean country and abroad.
Uses of Beans
Beans are used as human food and its leaves can be used as animal feed. in
edible beans are used as adjunct (vegetables) to other foods such as rice or ugali.
Benefits of beans
a) Seeds
Beans contain large quantities of proteins that are essential in creating the body because they give
proein; it is used instead of meat, the mineral magnesium helps in health and HIV prevention from the heart disease, iron helps give the body strength, Vitamin B1 (thiamin) and Vitamin K enhances the ability of so that the necessary memory in people with memory loss problems.
Beans are a good source of cholesterol reduction from the body much cholesterol the body is a source of disease lot. Bean also helps prevent blood sugar levels suddenly increased after a meal, it is very important for people with diabetes. Above all legumes foods have been found to reduce likely to get heart attack. Recent studies have found that eating beans lowers likely to get cancer (cancer) unlike meat that set about obtaining increases the likelihood of cancer.
i) The leaves and flowers
ii) Beans
iii) immature beans
b) Leaves
Leaves of beans can also be used as vegetable and in some communities in the country, kicking the grass hacking beans are picked and then cooked like spinach or any other vegetable leaves.
Planting of Beans
1. Seed
Bean Planting should be done in a timely manner due to the location in order to get enough water
(Rain) and at harvest time so there should be a dry grass does ribikie bean field. Most of the water stagnant drought is not good to expose the beans and plant diseases and rot or dry out.
There are many varieties of beans that can be grown for example (Rojo, Winner, Pesa, 90 Canadian SUA wonder) that is modified seed, but there are also other varieties available to farmers that tolerates some diseases and pests.
It is recommended to plant beans in the distance (50 × 20) to 50 centimeters (line by line) and 20 centimeters (plant for plant), two soybean seed planted in the same hole, the seeds can be planted at a distance of 3-6 cm downwards. If one single seed in each hole, space decreases. For beans were properly there should there is a population of 150,000 to 200,000 plants per hectare (brief beans), beans that craw its population is half Bean briefly hectare. 1 hectare = 2.471 acres.
2. Compost
Plants need nutrients from the soil in order to grow and produce healthy fruit. Beans need mineral phosphorous and potassium which comes from organic fertilizers such as manure, compost, ash,
urine of livestock and crop residues. It is important to understand the ground which you expect your plant to plant evaluate nutritionally lacking to make efforts to improve.
Above all it is good to use organic fertilizers that help living things can grow and develop enriching
soil, for example roots of bean assisted by organic (nitrogen fixing bacteria) living in the soil forming nitrogen. Fertiliser destroy and expel the organic from the soil.
3. Weeds
It is recommended divulged weed plants before flowering. This activity should be done carefully to protect plants perish not to root for damages of any kind can cause plant diseases. It is recommended
growing plants around (crop rotation) to reduce the likelihood of being able to attack the weeds and the occupation plants.
4. Pests and diseases
Beans are attacked by pests and diseases. Among the ways prevention, prevention and expel pests is to ensure that plants is on track (ime cultivated, enough space and has not been damaged). Also change the type of crops grown on one farm was once helps reduce the likelihood of increased pest.
For some insects, such as caterpillars (African Ballworm) can expelled for using Neem or garlic. Water Neem is a very good remedy in favor of chasing insects and does not any harm to humans.
5. Maturity and Harvesting
Green beans should be harvested before been less than a grain of beans too. This is between 7-8 weeks after plant. Dried beans are harvested once a considerable amount of mature and dry when it becomes reached. For example, 80 percent of soybeans mature and begin to change color (dry) or other types widens become ready for harvest.
Usually the whole plant is uprooted and placed the sun to stay dry and the beans are supplied from
dried plant and continue to reduce problems during storage. After it dries up to at least 12 percent moisture, the beans should be saved to a closed container such as a plastic bucket or barrel and continue to look at from time to time to ensure that the insects entered and then covered them again.
6. Agriculture mixture
It is very comfortable and it is recommended to plant soybean plants with other communities such as corn for help in supplying nitrogen to a crawl beans, finds part of cling or creep up. Beans can were planted between rows of corn. Also potatoes may be planted with beans. It is recommended will not go up with beans and other crops of legumes (leguminous) as causes plants may not grow well because of not having enough nutrients and may cause problems if as insects (flies whiteness of beans).
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